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Cerebrovascular Reactivity

Author: Jean Chen

Publisher: Humana

Published: 2021-11-06

Total Pages: 218

ISBN-13: 9781071617625

This volume provides a comprehensive overview of the methodology, physiology, and contemporary and novel applications of cerebrovascular reactivity (CVR) measurements. The chapters in this book cover topics such as an introduction of the neurophysiology, neuroimaging, and clinical methods for CVR measurement; the use of CVR methods in the study of aging, cerebrovascular dysfunction, dementia, and brain tumors; and recommendations for measurement protocols and future applications in clinical translation. In Neuromethods series style, chapters include the kind of detail and key advice from the specialists needed to get successful results in your research center and clinical investigation. Thorough and comprehensive, Cerebrovascular Reactivity: Methodological Advances and Clinical Applications is a valuable tool that provides researchers in neuroscience and neurology with the latest resources on the measurement, interpretation, and application of CVR measurement.

Imaging Cerebrovascular Reactivity: Physiology, Physics and Therapy

Author: James Duffin

Publisher: Frontiers Media SA

Published: 2021-10-01

Total Pages: 301

ISBN-13: 2889714543

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Topic Editor Prof. James Duffin contributed to the development of an automated end-tidal targeting device, RespirActTM and is employed by Thornhill Medical Inc. (Toronto, Canada). RespirActTM is currently a non-commercial research tool assembled and made available by TMI to research institutions to enable CVR studies. All other Topic Editors declare no competing interests with regards to the Research Topic subject.

Trends in Cerebrovascular Surgery

Author: Tetsuya Tsukahara

Publisher: Springer

Published: 2016-09-08

Total Pages: 191

ISBN-13: 3319298879

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This volume provides an overview of new concepts in neurovascular interventions based on clinical and scientific knowledge of cerebrovascular disorders. It especially focuses on subarachnoid hemorrhage and cerebrovascular malformations, e.g. aneurysms, arterio-venous malformations, and cavernomas. A separate part addresses cerebral revascularization for both complex aneurysms and ischemia. All contributions were written by recognized experts and cover original papers presented at the 7th European Japanese Stroke Surgery Conference, held in Verona, Italy in June 2014. The authors present new trends and strategies for managing emerging problems, as well as in-depth discussions on controversial issues in the field.

The Cerebral Circulation

Author: Marilyn J. Cipolla

Publisher: Biota Publishing

Published: 2016-07-28

Total Pages: 82

ISBN-13: 1615047239

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This e-book will review special features of the cerebral circulation and how they contribute to the physiology of the brain. It describes structural and functional properties of the cerebral circulation that are unique to the brain, an organ with high metabolic demands and the need for tight water and ion homeostasis. Autoregulation is pronounced in the brain, with myogenic, metabolic and neurogenic mechanisms contributing to maintain relatively constant blood flow during both increases and decreases in pressure. In addition, unlike peripheral organs where the majority of vascular resistance resides in small arteries and arterioles, large extracranial and intracranial arteries contribute significantly to vascular resistance in the brain. The prominent role of large arteries in cerebrovascular resistance helps maintain blood flow and protect downstream vessels during changes in perfusion pressure. The cerebral endothelium is also unique in that its barrier properties are in some way more like epithelium than endothelium in the periphery. The cerebral endothelium, known as the blood-brain barrier, has specialized tight junctions that do not allow ions to pass freely and has very low hydraulic conductivity and transcellular transport. This special configuration modifies Starling's forces in the brain microcirculation such that ions retained in the vascular lumen oppose water movement due to hydrostatic pressure. Tight water regulation is necessary in the brain because it has limited capacity for expansion within the skull. Increased intracranial pressure due to vasogenic edema can cause severe neurologic complications and death.

Manual of Neurosonology

Author: László Csiba

Publisher: Cambridge University Press

Published: 2016-04-28

Total Pages: 333

ISBN-13: 1107659159

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Neurosonology is non-invasive, portable, and has excellent temporal resolution, making it a valuable and increasingly popular tool for the diagnosis and monitoring of neurological conditions when compared to other imaging techniques. This guide looks beyond the use of neurovascular ultrasound in stroke to encompass a wide range of other neurological diseases and emergencies. It offers a practical approach to the examination of patients, interpretation of ultrasound studies, and the application of neurosonology to the development of management and treatment strategies. Each chapter incorporates a thorough and clear procedural methodology alongside scanning tips for trainees; this step-by-step approach is further enhanced by example images and focused diagnostic questions. Authored and edited by international experts, this practical manual of neurosonology is an invaluable resource for neurologists, neurosurgeons, intensivists, radiologists, and ultrasonographers.

Hybrid PET/MR Neuroimaging

Author: Ana M. Franceschi

Publisher: Springer Nature

Published: 2021-11-30

Total Pages: 848

ISBN-13: 3030823679

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This book serves as a reference and comprehensive guide for PET/MR neuroimaging. The field of PET/MR is rapidly evolving, however, there is no standard resource summarizing the vast information and its potential applications. This book will guide neurological molecular imaging applications in both clinical practice and the research setting. Experts from multiple disciplines, including radiologists, researchers, and physicists, have collaborated to bring their knowledge and expertise together. Sections begin by covering general considerations, including public health and economic implications, the physics of PET/MR systems, an overview of hot lab and cyclotron, and radiotracers used in neurologic PET/MRI. There is then coverage of each major disease/systemic category, including dementia and neurodegenerative disease, epilepsy localization, brain tumors, inflammatory and infectious CNS disorders, head and neck imaging, as well as vascular hybrid imaging. Together, we have created a thorough, concise and up-to-date textbook in a unique, user-friendly format. This is an ideal guide for neuroradiologists, nuclear medicine specialists, medical physicists, clinical trainees and researchers.

Intracranial Pressure and Neuromonitoring in Brain Injury

Author: Anthony Marmarou

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 1998-08-24

Total Pages: 464

ISBN-13: 9783211830949

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This volume contains the most recent works on intracranial pressure and neuromonitoring in brain injury selected from 300 abstracts submitted to the 10th International Symposium on Intracranial Pressure. It includes state of the art monitoring of the brain injured patient in intensive care as well as the current state of knowledge in neurochemical and oxygen monitoring of the injured brain. Recent advances in molecular mechanisms of injury and the pathophysiology of ischemia and trauma are also included. "... this publication presents a comprehensive survey of the present state of art in the field and thus gives directions for further research to those engaged in ICP measurement and neuromonitoring”. Intensive Care Med

Brain Disorders in Critical Illness

Author: Robert D. Stevens

Publisher: Cambridge University Press

Published: 2013-09-19

Total Pages: 457

ISBN-13: 1107434424

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Brain dysfunction is a major clinical problem in intensive care, with potentially debilitating long-term consequences for post-ICU patients of any age. The resulting extended length of stay in the ICU and post-discharge cognitive dysfunction are now recognized as major healthcare burdens. This comprehensive clinical text provides intensivists and neurologists with a practical review of the pathophysiology of brain dysfunction and a thorough account of the diagnostic and therapeutic options available. Initial sections review the epidemiology, outcomes, relevant behavioral neurology and biological mechanisms of brain dysfunction. Subsequent sections evaluate the available diagnostic options and preventative and therapeutic interventions, with a final section on clinical encephalopathy syndromes encountered in the ICU. Each chapter is rich in illustrations, with an executive summary and a helpful glossary of terms. Brain Disorders in Critical Illness is a seminal reference for all physicians and neuroscientists interested in the care and outcome of severely ill patients.

Transcranial Doppler Sonography

Author: Rune Aaslid

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2012-12-06

Total Pages: 187

ISBN-13: 3709188644

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Every few years a dissertation comes to the area of clinical application of medical technology which carries us forward as on a magic carpet into new regions of understanding and patient care. This book is such a magic carpet. It brings together, in a clear and incisive fashion, important hemodynamic principles with a simple noninvasive method of application to a part of the cerebral vasculature which has been relatively inaccessible. To the lucky and perceptive person who reads this book, a feeling of excitement and hope for progress is engendered. The diligent application of the potentials of transcranial Doppler ultrasound brings new power to our efforts in understanding the cerebral circulation and the causes, treatment and prevention of cerebrovascular disorders. Merrill P. Spencer, M. D. Director Institute of Applied Physiology and Medicine Seattle, Wash. , July 1986 Acknowledgements I am greatly indebted to Prof. He1ge Nornes, Oslo, who introduced me to the fascinating study of cerebral hemodynamics in the early 1970's and since then continually encouraged my interest in this field. It was through his pioneering work on the cerebral circulation-using peroperative electromagnetic flowmetry and Doppler techniques-that the basis was laid for the noninvasive trans cranial approach to the circle of Willis described in this book. I also gratefully acknowledge the stimulating case discussions with Prof. Peter Huber, Berne, at the very early introduction of trans cranial Doppler, the inspiring exchange of ideas with Dr. Merrill P.

Oxygen Transport to Tissue XLI

Author: International Society on Oxygen Transport to Tissue. Annual Meeting

Publisher:

Published: 2020

Total Pages: 425

ISBN-13: 9783030344603

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This book presents cutting-edge papers and perspectives on the transport of oxygen to tissues by scientists in a multitude of disciplines such as biochemistry, engineering, mathematics, medicine, physics, physiology, veterinary and complementary medicine. The book is composed of the following 6 parts: Brain Oxygenation and Function, Tumor Oxygenation and Metabolism, Muscle Oxygenation and Sports Medicine, Cell Metabolism and Tissue Oxygenation, Methodology of O2 Measurements, and Special Topics. The articles in this book have been presented at the 46th annual meeting of the International Society on Oxygen Transport to Tissue (ISOTT 2018) held in Seoul, Republic of Korea, from July 1 to July 5, 2018. Academics, clinical and industry researchers, engineers, as well as graduate students who are interested in oxygen transport to tissue will find this book a great reference and a useful learning resource. The chapters "Near-Infrared Spectroscopy Measured Cerebral Blood Flow from Spontaneous Oxygenation Changes in Neonatal Brain Injury", "Developing a Model to Simulate the Effect of Hypothermia on Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism" and "Broadband NIRS Cerebral Evaluation of the Hemodynamic and Oxidative State of Cytochrome-c-Oxidase Responses to +Gz Acceleration in Healthy Volunteers" are available open access under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License via link.springer.com.