Competition in the Open Economy

Competition in the Open Economy PDF

Author: Richard E. Caves

Publisher: Harvard University Press

Published: 1980

Total Pages: 468

ISBN-13: 9780674154254

DOWNLOAD EBOOK →

With the nations of the world becoming more interdependent, it is imperative to take international influences into account in understanding the organization of industry within a country. This book extends the structure/conduct/performance framework of analysis to present a fully specified simultaneous equation model of an open economy--Canada. By estimating a system of equations of all the major variables, the authors can identify which variables are dependent and which are independent. They are thus able to assess the relative importance of such factors as seller concentration, import competition, retailing structure, advertising expenditure, research and development spending, and technical and allocative efficiency in shaping the organization of industry in Canada. In addition, using both industry-level and firm-level data, the authors develop methods for assessing the effect of structural variables on diversification strategies and the consequences for market performance. They also study the effects of such variables on firms' access to capital markets. The book concludes with a discussion of the implications of the findings for government policy.

Capitalism

Capitalism PDF

Author: Anwar Shaikh

Publisher: Oxford University Press

Published: 2016-01-15

Total Pages: 896

ISBN-13: 0199390657

DOWNLOAD EBOOK →

Orthodox economics operates within a hypothesized world of perfect competition in which perfect consumers and firms act to bring about supposedly optimal outcomes. The discrepancies between this model and the reality it claims to address are then attributed to particular imperfections in reality itself. Most heterodox economists seize on this fact and insist that the world is characterized by imperfect competition. But this only ties them to the notion of perfect competition, which remains as their point of departure and base of comparison. There is no imperfection without perfection. In Capitalism, Anwar Shaikh takes a different approach. He demonstrates that most of the central propositions of economic analysis can be derived without any reference to standard devices such as hyperrationality, optimization, perfect competition, perfect information, representative agents, or so-called rational expectations. This perspective allows him to look afresh at virtually all the elements of economic analysis: the laws of demand and supply, the determination of wage and profit rates, technological change, relative prices, interest rates, bond and equity prices, exchange rates, terms and balance of trade, growth, unemployment, inflation, and long booms culminating in recurrent general crises. In every case, Shaikh's innovative theory is applied to modern empirical patterns and contrasted with neoclassical, Keynesian, and Post-Keynesian approaches to the same issues. Shaikh's object of analysis is the economics of capitalism, and he explores the subject in this expansive light. This is how the classical economists, as well as Keynes and Kalecki, approached the issue. Anyone interested in capitalism and economics in general can gain a wealth of knowledge from this ground-breaking text.

Open Economy

Open Economy PDF

Author: Fouad Sabry

Publisher: One Billion Knowledgeable

Published: 2024-04-05

Total Pages: 346

ISBN-13:

DOWNLOAD EBOOK →

What is Open Economy One sort of economy is known as an open economy, which is characterized by the fact that not only domestic factors but also entities from other nations engage in the exchange of goods. The exchange of administrative expertise, the transmission of technological know-how, and any other kind of commodities and services can all be considered forms of trade. There are some exceptions that cannot be traded; for instance, the railway services of one country cannot be swapped with those of another country in order to take advantage of the service. How you will benefit (I) Insights, and validations about the following topics: Chapter 1: Open economy Chapter 2: Balance of trade Chapter 3: David Ricardo Chapter 4: Keynesian economics Chapter 5: Free trade Chapter 6: Comparative advantage Chapter 7: Protectionism Chapter 8: Rudi Dornbusch Chapter 9: Export Chapter 10: Terms of trade Chapter 11: Non-tariff barriers to trade Chapter 12: Circular flow of income Chapter 13: International economics Chapter 14: Export-oriented industrialization Chapter 15: Mundell-Fleming model Chapter 16: J curve Chapter 17: International business Chapter 18: Competition (economics) Chapter 19: Import Chapter 20: Participatory Economics Chapter 21: Macroeconomic populism (II) Answering the public top questions about open economy. (III) Real world examples for the usage of open economy in many fields. Who this book is for Professionals, undergraduate and graduate students, enthusiasts, hobbyists, and those who want to go beyond basic knowledge or information for any kind of Open Economy.

International Economics

International Economics PDF

Author: Henry Thompson

Publisher: World Scientific

Published: 2011

Total Pages: 450

ISBN-13: 9814307025

DOWNLOAD EBOOK →

This text presents the critical issues of international trade and finance. Trade theory includes partial equilibrium market analysis, neoclassical trade models, constant cost production, factor proportions production, and models of industrial organization. The text integrates concepts from international finance and the basic models of open economy macroeconomics. --

International Competition Policy

International Competition Policy PDF

Author: Michael A. Utton

Publisher: Edward Elgar Publishing

Published: 2006

Total Pages: 151

ISBN-13: 1847200249

DOWNLOAD EBOOK →

This book is a welcome and timely addition to the library of materials exploring the implications of the move from internationalisation of trade towards globalisation. Michael Hutchings, European Competition Law Review This book provides an excellent introduction to the difficult and important issues surrounding international trade and competition policy. Douglas A. Irwin, Dartmouth College, US The opening up of world markets, rapid growth of trade and foreign direct investment create manifold problems for competition policy. Thus, international mergers may have adverse effects on many countries, international cartels may carve up world markets and dominant firms may seek to maintain their global position by exclusionary conduct. These problems have been recognised for more than half a century and some attempts have been made internationally to address them, so far with limited success. This progressive book seeks to explore the problems and concerns that globalisation has created for competition policy. The book begins by setting out the principles of competition and trade policies, and then goes on to address the impact of market globalisation on what are usually thought of as traditional antitrust concerns. These include the analysis of the difficulties arising from collusion and other restrictive practices, government sponsored voluntary co-operation , vertical restrictions and market access, pricing strategies of dominant firms and international mergers, all illustrated with a number of prominent case studies. The author concludes with an illuminating discussion on the feasibility of international co-operation on competition policy, the faltering progress that has been made so far and the prospects for future advances. This comprehensive volume will prove to be an invaluable resource to students and scholars of law and economics. It will also find wide appeal amongst researchers, policy makers and practitioners with an interest in industrial organisation, antitrust policy and globalisation.

Innovation Matters

Innovation Matters PDF

Author: Richard J. Gilbert

Publisher: MIT Press

Published: 2022-06-07

Total Pages: 337

ISBN-13: 0262545799

DOWNLOAD EBOOK →

A proposal for moving from price-centric to innovation-centric competition policy, reviewing theory and evidence on economic incentives for innovation. Competition policy and antitrust enforcement have traditionally focused on prices rather than innovation. Economic theory shows the ways that price competition benefits consumers, and courts, antitrust agencies, and economists have developed tools for the quantitative evaluation of price impacts. Antitrust law does not preclude interventions to encourage innovation, but over time the interpretation of the laws has raised obstacles to enforcement policies for innovation. In this book, economist Richard Gilbert proposes a shift from price-centric to innovation-centric competition policy. Antitrust enforcement should be concerned with protecting incentives for innovation and preserving opportunities for dynamic, rather than static, competition. In a high-technology economy, Gilbert argues, innovation matters. Gilbert considers both theory and available empirical evidence on the relationships among market structure, firm behavior, and the production of new products and services. He reviews the distinctive features of the high-tech economy and why current analytical tools used by antitrust enforcers aren't up to the task of assessing innovation concerns. He considers, from the perspective of innovation competition, Kenneth Arrow's “replacement effect” and the Schumpeterian theory of market power and appropriation; discusses the effect of mergers on innovation and future price competition; and reviews the empirical literature on competition, mergers, and innovation. He describes examples of merger enforcement by US and European antitrust agencies; examines cases brought against Microsoft and Google; and discusses the risks and benefits of interoperability standards. Finally, he offers recommendations for competition policy. The open access edition of this book was made possible by generous funding from Arcadia – a charitable fund of Lisbet Rausing and Peter Baldwin.

World Trade Evolution

World Trade Evolution PDF

Author: Lili Yan Ing

Publisher: Routledge

Published: 2018-10-08

Total Pages: 442

ISBN-13: 1351061526

DOWNLOAD EBOOK →

The book provides theoretical and empirical evidence on how world trade evolves, how trade affects resource allocation, how trade competition affects productivity, how China shock affects world trade and how trade affects large and small countries. It is a useful reference which focuses on new approaches to international trade by looking into country-specific as well as firm-product level-specific cases.

International Economics: Global Market Competition (5th Edition)

International Economics: Global Market Competition (5th Edition) PDF

Author: Henry Thompson

Publisher: World Scientific

Published: 2024-03-04

Total Pages: 369

ISBN-13: 9811279365

DOWNLOAD EBOOK →

This text integrates trade theory and open economy macroeconomics with straightforward diagrams and numerous examples. The emphasis is on the gains from competitive trade and the limits of policy. Economics began with the political debate over import tariffs in England. Tariffs lead to net economic losses, except in a few circumstances, and would then lead to retaliation. Consumers and firms importing intermediate inputs lose due to tariffs, as do export industries when other countries retaliate with tariffs of their own. Import competing industries and the government gain from tariffs.The present approach integrates theories of market behavior and general equilibrium on the microeconomic side. Exchange rate theory bridges from trade theory into balance of payments theory. In the final chapter on open economy macroeconomics, the limits of monetary and fiscal policies due to the competitive foreign exchange market is the focus.Theoretical diagrams present the theory without assuming intermediate theory. Numerous problems for each section build confidence in applying the theory. Boxed examples illustrate the importance of theory. Each chapter includes a concise mathematical appendix that should appeal to students with interest and to instructors preparing for class.

Lanterna Rally - Theme by Grace Themes